Philosohy/Religion
Two main home-grown philosophies of life have come out of China: Confucianism and Taoism. While there are other Chinese philosophies - quite natural given the 3000 year history - they are not followed or practiced today. Buddhism is perhaps the most widespread religion in China, but it is not originally Chinese, having come over from India, though the Chinese have certainly made it their own.
Confucianism and Taoism are less religions than ways of conducting one's life, though there is religious Taoism.
Confucianism
Confucianism, based on the teachings of Confucius, who lived around 500 BCE, is not a religion but an ethical system the aim of which was to be a good ruler. Confucius posited 5 relationships that determined behavior towards others - ruler/subject, father/son, husband/wife, elder brother/younger brother, friend/friend. Everyone outside of these relationships is pretty much ignored, which may explain why Chinese feel no obligation towards strangers. Confucianism was about ruling with virtue, i.e. doing the right thing. In fact, as with most major thought systems, Confucius posited the golden rule. In the Analects, a collection of his sayings put together by his students, it says, 我不欲人之加諸我也、吾亦欲無加諸人。What I don't want done to me, I don't want to do to others.
Confucianism was the official system during the Han Dynasty, and spread to influence thought in Korea and Japan.
https://philosophy.lander.edu/oriental/main.html
Taoism
The main text of Taoism is the Dao De Jing, or more commonly written as Tao Te Ching, by Lao Zi, also written as Lao Tse and Lao Tzu. The title might be translated as the Way of Virtue. Taoism is about man's relationship with nature, living in harmony with the entire cosmos. Note that Tao means "way" or "path." Taoism is much more a philosophy of how to approach life than a religion (there is no God concept in Taoism).
One important concept in Taoism is non-action.
Another concept growing out of Taoism is called yin-yang. These are the two opposing forces in the universe. Yin: female, dark, passive, moon. Yang: male, light, active, sun. The symbol shows the interconnectedness of the two. Notice how each gradually leads into and becomes the other, and how some of each is contained in the other. Think of how night gradually gives way to the dawn, and how the day gradually darkens and becomes night. So in each thing there is some of the opposite; one cannot exist without the other; the existence of one implies the existence of the other.
In addition to Lao Tzu, the other major Taoist thinker was Zhuangzi, often written Chuang Tzu.
More to Explore
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taoism
https://www.ancient.eu/Chinese_Philosophy/https://www.ancient.eu/Chinese_Philosophy/
https://www.iep.utm.edu/yinyang/